Universidad Ciencia y Tecnología

Theoretical analysis of citizen participation and governance in Latin American countries

Daniel Suarez Becerra — 2025-01-07

This paper analyzes governance and citizen participation in Latin America, from an experiential, literary, theoretical, and descriptive perspective, with a documentary analysis of the last 20 years. Democratic systems and their participation in different social scenarios are analyzed, and current trends and their impact on social behavior are studied, based on various theoretical sources. The main results show that the theories associated with governance and the practice of citizen participation are essential for the strengthening of democracy in Latin American countries, but also reflect the difficulty of leadership in young countries with complex societies and with a diversity of situations and inequalities. Finally, it is possible to conclude that theoretical proposals on democratic regimes and the practice of governance are fundamental for strengthening state policies in Latin American countries.

Contrasts between the practice and listening and reading skills teaching of English language

Zulema Izamar Pena Alvarez — 2025-01-18

This paper analyses the difference between teaching and practicing listening and reading skills in the context of learning English as a second language (ESL). A systematic literature review examines recent studies published within the last five years on pedagogical approaches. The results indicate that active teaching, which includes keyword identification and inference strategies, is significantly more effective than repetitive practice, allowing students to apply these skills more effectively in real-life situations. It is concluded that structured instruction is key to fostering deep learning, while unguided practice may limit the effective development of these skills.

Validation of the instrument for the evaluation of satisfaction with the quality of educational services

Alfredo Ruitval Velazco Gonzales — 2025-01-18

The quality of educational service is defined as the degree to which the educational process meets the expectations and needs of students and society. In this work, the quality of educational services was evaluated through the measurement of satisfaction in students of university centers. The study was instrumental and 1000 students from two universities participated in the validation of the instrument, intentionally selected by quotas. A confirmatory factor analysis was performed under the original model, which confirmed that the instrument has high reliability both for the general scale and for the dimensions (CFI=0.955 and TLI= 0.948, and ideal adjustments in the SRMR= 0.0348, RMSEA= 0.0743, ω= 0.987). These findings reveal that the instrument is ideal for measuring educational quality in university centers.

Adaptation of companies to digital tax transformation

Holguer Rodrigo Altamirano Perez — 2025-01-18

This research analyzed the adaptation faced by companies with technology and the use of digital tools for the improvement of tax compliance processes, considering the perception of 76 businessmen. The interpretative paradigm and the deductive method were used, and the surveys were processed using the SPSS V.27 program. The main results focus on two aspects; first, that companies continue to print their endorsements on paper, and second, that the changes based on the principle of administrative simplicity have allowed the taxpayer to acquire a tax culture tending to reduce informality. These findings reveal a need to migrate to more technological systems and continue with a culture of formality for the proper fulfillment of corporate tax responsibilities.

Correlation analysis between multiple intelligences and learning styles in engineering students

Maria Cecilia Terry Borjas — 2025-02-17

This paper analyzes the influence of learning styles and multiple intelligence in engineering schools, where thinking is usually more active, and practical, and technical and practical teaching prevails. To this end, a group of 140 students was analyzed to whom the respective questionnaire was applied to learn about the different situations among the participants. It was confirmed that the predominant learning style is pragmatic, however, the dominant intelligence was naturalistic, highlighting that engineering students can focus their efforts on environmental conservation, sustainability, and the environment. In addition, it was confirmed that the recognition of the individual characteristics of students in engineering careers is beneficial to channel future professionals in areas where their contribution to social good and industrial development is more beneficial.

Factorial validity of the personal pedagogical worldview scale to assess teacher education

Walter Daniel Cueva Gomez — 2025-02-17

The objective of the research was to determine the validity of the construct through factor analysis, explaining a set of 29 observable variables that make up the scale of involvement of the personal pedagogical worldview in the educational act through a linear model. This analysis allowed the variables to be reduced to fewer hypothetical factors with a substantive interpretation. The sample (N = 691) included teachers in teaching and other functions. The results revealed a tetrafactorial structure with adequate validity and reliability indices. KMO and Bartlett’s tests confirmed the adequacy of factor analysis, and the Varimax rotation identified four main factors: cognitive, socio-effective, spiritual, and physical, each correlated with specific groups of educational variables.

Challenges of job access and job stability for people with motor disabilities: social and state responsibilities

Dora Maria Ojeda Arriaran — 2025-02-17

Tomando en cuenta el modelo social de la discapacidad, se postula su inclusión en todo ámbito, sin embargo, las personas con discapacidad motora enfrentan diversas barreras, entre ellas la laboral, lo que constituye un gran desafío y responsabilidad para la sociedad y el Estado. En este trabajo se analiza el acceso al trabajo y la estabilidad laboral de las personas con discapacidad motriz. Se trata de una investigación cualitativa, con diseño basado en la teoría fundamentada, conformado por una muestra de once abogados. Entre los resultados obtenidos, se encontró que existe un marco legal protector que, a través de cuotas laborales permite el acceso al trabajo, no ocurre lo mismo con la estabilidad laboral por cuanto no existe un seguimiento al respecto ni normas especiales, en tal sentido urge implementar políticas públicas que aseguren los indicados derechos y así el desarrollo integral de las personas con discapacidad motora, en base a su dignidad humana.

Development of critical thinking and balanced use of cell phones in students

Norma Alejandrina Cabrera Heredia — 2025-02-17

The use of electronic devices is increasingly prevalent among young people in the educational field. This study aims to examine the relationship between cell phone dependence and critical thinking in ninth-year students in the city of Chunchi. A non-experimental, cross-sectional, and correlational research design was employed. Additionally, intentional non-probabilistic sampling was used, including male and female students aged 13 to 14 years, with data collected through two tests (EDAS and PENCRISAL). The main findings indicate that students are at risk of developing cell phone dependence, with 22.8% already exhibiting signs of it, while 25.1% show no dependence. Furthermore, 56.1% of students demonstrate a low level of critical thinking development.