Abstract
Self-medication represents a growing public health problem due to its clinical and epidemiological implications. The objective of this study was to analyze the factors associated with self-medication among adult users of urban pharmaceutical establishments. A quantitative, analytical, and cross-sectional study was conducted with 196 participants. The results showed that the main associated factors were informal medication recommendation (PR = 3.568), absence of medical prescription request (PR = 2.690), lack of health insurance (PR = 1.875), and higher educational level (PR = 1.774). Clinical factors did not show a significant association. It is concluded that self-medication was mainly influenced by institutional and cultural factors related to pharmacological accessibility and flexibility in medication dispensing.
References
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[4] M. Almeida, H. Priego, J. Córdova, M. Morales, and P. Sevilla, “Automedicación de medicamentos genéricos en usuarios de farmacias en un municipio mexicano,” Revista Facultad Ciencias de la Salud Universidad del Cauca, vol. 22, no. 1, pp. 24–32, 2020.
[5] M. Huamán-Rodríguez and E. Aguilar-Urbina, “Riesgos de la automedicación en el Perú del paciente con COVID-19: revisión narrativa,” Revista Médica de Trujillo, vol. 16, no. 1, pp. 1–10, 2021.
[6] P. Navarrete-Mejía, J. Velasco-Guerrero, and L. Loro-Chero, “Automedicación en época de pandemia: COVID-19,” Revista del Cuerpo Médico Hospital Nacional Almanzor Aguinaga Asenjo, vol. 13, no. 4, pp. 350–355, 2020.
[7] J. Pari-Olarte, P. Cuba-García, J. Almeida-Galindo, N. Aliaga-Guillén, C. Solano-García, and L. Chacaltana-Ramos et al., “Factores asociados con la automedicación no responsable en el Perú,” Revista del Cuerpo Médico Hospital Nacional Almanzor Aguinaga Asenjo, vol. 14, no. 1, pp. 29–34, 2021.
[8] M. Karimy, M. Rezaee-Momtaz, M. Tavousi, A. Montazeri, and M. Araban, “Risk factors associated with self-medication among women in Iran,” BMC Public Health, vol. 19, no. 1, p. 1033, 2019, doi: 10.1186/s12889-019-7302-3.
[9] R. Cuevas, L. Samaniego, P. Acosta, M. Domenech, G. Lugo, and G. Maidana, “Perfil de automedicación en funcionarios de una industria farmacéutica,” Memorias del Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud, vol. 17, no. 1, pp. 99–112, 2019.
[10] D. Urrugana-Pastor, V. Benites-Zapata, and E. Mezones-Holguín, “Factors associated with self-medication in users of drugstores and pharmacies in Peru: an analysis of the National Survey on User Satisfaction of Health Services, ENSUSALUD 2015,” F1000Research, vol. 8, no. 23, pp. 1–18, 2020.
[11] H. Varpaei, P. E. F. Onsori, S. Abachi, M. Miremamini, A. Farahani, and P. Nouroozi et al., “Self-Medication Practice, its Causes and Risk Factors among People in Tehran, Iran: A Descriptive-Analytic Study,” Journal of Community Medicine, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 1–8, 2020.
[12] S. Tesfamariam, I. Singh, G. Kaleab, S. Berhane, B. Woldai, and E. Habte et al., “Self-medication with over the counter drugs, prevalence of risky practice and its associated factors in pharmacy outlets of Asmara, Eritrea,” BMC Public Health, vol. 19, no. 1, p. 159, 2019, doi: 10.1186/s12889-019-6470-5.
[13] R. Alves, J. Precioso, and E. Becoña, “Knowledge, attitudes and practice of self-medication among university students in Portugal: A cross-sectional study,” Nordic Studies on Alcohol and Drugs, vol. 38, no. 1, pp. 50–56, 2020, doi: 10.1177/1455072520965017.
[14] D. Limaye, V. Limaye, G. Fortwengel, and G. Krause, “Self-medication practices in urban and rural areas of Western India: a cross sectional study,” International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health, vol. 5, no. 7, pp. 2672–2685, 2018, doi: 10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20182669.
[15] H. Oviedo, C. Cortina, J. Osorio, and S. Romero, “Realidades de la práctica de la automedicación en estudiantes de la Universidad del Magdalena,” Enfermería Global, vol. 20, no. 62, pp. 531–556, 2021.
[16] S. Mohammed, G. Tsega, and A. Hailu, “Self-Medication Practice and Associated Factors Among Health Care Professionals at Debre Markos Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia,” Drug, Healthcare and Patient Safety, vol. 13, no. 1, pp. 19–28, 2020, doi: 10.2147/DHPS.S268384.
[17] N. Torres, B. Chibi, D. Kuupiel, V. Solomon, T. Mashamba-Thompson, and L. Middleton, “The use of non-prescribed antibiotics: prevalence estimates in low-and-middle-income countries. A systematic review and meta-analysis,” Archives of Public Health, vol. 79, no. 2, pp. 1–15, 2021, doi: 10.1186/s13690-020-00539-9.
[18] M. Nogueira-Castillo, F. Orejuela-Ramírez, D. Andamayo-Flores, and C. Castillo-Andamayo, “Factores asociados a la automedicación en pacientes que acuden a servicios de odontología de hospitales del Perú,” Revista Estomatológica Herediana, vol. 28, no. 2, pp. 72–77, 2018, doi: 10.20453/reh.v28i2.3322.
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