ELECTROMAGNETIC MODEL FOR THE STUDY OF TRANSITIONAL PHENOMENA ASSOCIATED WITH ATMOSPHERIC DOWNLOADS ON LINES OF TRANSMISSION

Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to present a model consisting of a methodology based on Computational Electromagnetics and Vector Analysis, developed with the purpose of providing solutions to the problem of the study of electromagnetic transients due to atmospheric discharges or rays on transmission lines. The methodology consists in the joint application of the electromagnetic model of the Maxwell-Heaviside equations to describe the propagation of electromagnetic wave generated by the beam, the finite difference in time domain (FDTD) method with Liao absorbing boundary conditions. (ABC-Liao) to obtain the magnitudes of the irradiated electric and magnetic fields; as well as the coupling of the electromagnetic field with the line by means of the thin conductor model (TWM) to obtain the magnitudes of the voltage and current increases that are generated. In this sense, a computational code is implemented in MATLAB based on said methodology to simulate certain cases related to direct and indirect impacts of lightning on towers and transmission lines. In addition, it was estimated through comparisons made with the electromagnetic hybrid model (HEM) that the computational tool created is an adequate resource for the analysis of transients in electric power transmission systems.

Keywords: Atmospheric discharges, Maxwell-Heaviside equations, FDTD, ABC-Liao, Thin-Wire Model, Transmission lines.

References

[1] M. Uman, D. Mclain, and Krider, P, “The Electro­magnetic Radiation from a finite antenna”, AJP, vol. 43, 1975. 1975.

[2] A. K. Agrawal, H. J. Price, and S. H. Gurbaxani, “Transient response of multiconductor transmission li­nes excited by a no uniform electromagnetic field”, IEEE Transactions on electromagnetic compatibility, (2), 119-129. 1980.

[3] C. A. Nucci, F. Rachidi, M. Ianoz, and C. Mazzetti, “Comparison of two coupling models for lightning-in­duced overvoltage calculations”. IEEE Transactions on power delivery, 10(1), 330-339, 1995.

[4] R. Thottappillil, and M. A. Uman, “Comparison of li­ghtning return stroke models”, Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 98(D12), 22903-22914. 1993.

[5] K. S. Yee, “Numerical solution of initial boundary value problems involving Maxwell’s equations in iso­tropic media”, IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Pro­pagation, vol. AP-14, no. 3, pp. 302–307, May 1966. 1966.

[6] A. Taflove and S. Hagness, “Computational Electrod­ynamics: The Finite-Difference Time-Domain Method”, Boston-London: 2005.

[7] A. Z. Elsherbeni, and V. Demir, “The finite-difference time-domain method for electromagnetics with MAT­LAB simulations”, The Institution of Engineering and Technology. 2016.

[8]V. A. Silva, “Aplicação do método FDTD para ava­liação da resposta de linhas de transmissão e aterra­mentos elétricos frente a descargas atmosféricas”. Dis­sertação de Mestrado, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brasil. 2017.

[9] T. Noda, & S. Yokoyama, “Thin wire representation in finite difference time domain surge simulation”, IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, 17(3), 840-847. 2002.

[10]R. H. T. Chamié Filho, “Análise de tensões induzi­das em linhas de distribuição de baixa tensão frente a uma descarga atmosférica”. 2009.