RISK FACTORS IN INFECTIOUS COMPLICATIONS OF EXPOSED TIBIAL FRACTURES

Abstract

Open tibia fractures represent the most common long bone fractures currently faced by orthopedic surgeons. These lesions produce high complication rates, especially infectious. This paper aims to analyze the infectious complications of tibia exposed fractures, risk factors and sequelae. The methodology used was analytical, retrospective and cross-sectional, which included 253 patients with exposed tibia fractures treated at the Teodoro Maldonado Carbo specialty hospital captured from the period of October 16, 2015 to October 16, 2017 Type III C exposed fractures occurred in 5%, the main risk factors were provisional external fixation greater than 14 days (77%), Gustilo IIIB exposed fractures (61%) and exposure time from the beginning. of the fracture until arrival at the hospital (28%). It is concluded that young adults of 20 to 40 years of age of male sex are the most affected population group of exposed tibia fractures. The exposed fractures of the middle third of the tibia were the most frequent because it was the anatomical region with the greatest exposure of the leg to trauma, since this portion is mostly subcutaneous. The exposed fracture grade IIIB and IIIA of Gustilo predominated, especially with a conminutive or multifractory stroke. The main risk factors associated with infections in exposed tibia fractures were provisional external fixation greater than 14 days, male sex, Gustilo IIIB exposed fractures and the exposure time from the beginning of the fracture until the arrival at the hospital.

Keywords: Tibia fracture, infectious complications, risk factors.

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